Fundamental of Electrical Power System Protection

Introduction to Protection Philosphy

Going through history of power system network

Advantages & Disadvantages of Power Network

Introduce to concept of SCADA, Smart Metering, Micro Grid

Introduction to Cascade Faults in network

How Power Quality of Network is assessed

Briefing on Flase Tripping due to poor relay coordination

What is meaning of localization of fault

What are Fault & Even Records

Fault investigation

What is Comtrade file

Synch & Auto Reclosing, Power Swing

What is required to protect

Step & Touch Potential Hazards

Lighting Protection Explained

What is purpose of protection

Step Potential Hazard near fallen conductor

Reason of Massive Blackouts and how to avoid them

How to Limit damage

Why Gravel is laid in AIS

Voltage or Current Which is lethal

Introduction to earth leakage Relay

Protection System Characteristics Selectivity. Sensitivity. Speed. Reliability. Simplicity. Economy.

Relationship of Sensitivity and relay burden

Which relay have more buden 1 Amp of 5 Amp

Identify what primary, secondary and control equipments are

Difference among Circuit Breaker, Isolator & Load Break Switch

System Primary Components, Lighting Arrestor, CT,VT CB, Isolator, Busbar, Lighting Mast, AIS, GIS, T/F,MV SWGR, Batteries, Chargers

Introduction to Single Line Diagram

Introduction of Schematics / Detail Drawings

Introduction to Interlock Logic Diagram

Explained GIS, LCC, Gas Diagram, Gas compartment

Explained basic components Harting Plug, teal block Din Rail

Auxiliary Relays and its type

Magnetic Contactors

Main Relays & Protection Panels

What is Burden and how to find relay rated burden

Eeering Design Phase intro

Manufacturing & Delivery Phase intro

Installation Testing & Commissioning Phase

Maintenance Phase , concept of life cycle cost, Maintenance cost

What are Zones of Protection, Zone Over lapping, Primary & Backup protection, duplicate protection

Feeder, motor, Generator & Line protection Zone by example

Understand Selectivity & Zones of protection

How Zones help to localize the fault

What is meaning of close & open zone

Tele Protection , Backup protection at local & Remote loaction

Understanding how different elements of Protection system operates

Classification of Relays

Electromechnical , Digital , Microprocessor based & Numerical Relays

Attracted Armature Type, Plunger Type, Induction Disk type, Induction cup type, D´Arsonval unit, Thermal Relays

Interposing C.T , Phase & Ration Compensation requirements for transformer differential protection

Intro to Sensor, SF6 Gauges, Winding & Oil Temperature Gauges, Pressure relief device, sudden pressure device, Buchholz Relays

Introduction to definite and inverse Over Current Relays

Introduction to Directional Over Current Relays

Introduction to Magnitude & Differential Protection

What are phase comparison relays and how they operate

Introduction to breaker fail & busbar protection

Factors Influencing Relay Performance

Basic Electrical Theory, Ohm's Law, Kirchhoff's Current Law, Kirchhoff's Voltage Law, Per unit System

How to calculate three phase power, rated primary and secondary current of Power transformer

How to calculate short circuit MVA, short circuit HV & LV current of transformer

Calculate Arc flash Hazard of transformer

Understanding Phases, Balance & Unbalance System, Three Phase, Phase to Phase & Single Phase Faults

Understanding Symmetrical Components

Current Transformer, Types, polarity, Saturation, ratio, error of C.T, Metering & Protection Core, Knee Point, Burden

Why C.T should never be open circuited, Why C.T secondary is grounded, Why Single point earthing is done.

What is star point towards line and bus means

Understand Accuracy limit factor & Name plate of C.T, Classes of C.T

Voltage transformer & its type, Error in voltage transformer, what is CCVT,

Ferro Damping & Compensating Reactor in CCVT, Why V.T secondary is grounded, Why Single point earthing is done.

Metering & Protection Core of V.T, Accuracy class, How to connect V.T secondary, Star & Open delta connections

Voltage Drop in V.T circuit, Voltage Factor, Ferro-Resonance in Magnetic Voltage Transformer

Substation Batteries, Why Batteries are required, types of batteries

How to measure capacity of Battery, What mean by AH, Specific gravity, Hydro Meter, Voltage per Cell & per bank

Explained DC system Single Line Diagram , How to do Maintenance of Batterries

Battery Charger, What is charger scheme in substation, Dropping Diodes, Teal voltage, Float Boast & Trickle Chag,

Understanding Single Line Diagram of Charger

Ground of DC System, Why it is required, How it is done, DC Earthing problem in substation

What are capacitor storage trip units

Introduction to ANSI device numbers

Relays Application for Feeder, Generator, Motor, transformer, busbar. Which type of protection relays are installed

Concept of internal, external & through fault

Why transformer differential is different from Busbar differential

Introduction to Circuit Breaker, types of circuit breaker, . Bulk oil circuit-breaker B. Minimum oil circuit-breaker C. Air blast circuit-breaker D. Vacuum circuit-breaker E. SF6 circuit-breaker F. HVDC circuit-breaker

Understand Circuit Breaker Operating Cycle

Circuit Breaker, Anti pumping, Pole discrepancy, Trip Circuit Supervision Schems

Identify what primary, secondary and control equipments are

Explain how an over current & earth fault relay operates

Explain how the currents and voltages vary during all three phase fault conditions

Draw what an electrical protection system looks like

Equip a protection panel and identify all of the main equipments

Understand the requirements for a current transformer

The basic electrical principles

A basic understanding of electrical eeering

Protection & control systems are a critical part of the transmission & distribution systems that feed power to mega cities & industries.

The aim of this course is to introduce all of the basic principles associated with electrical power systems protection with examples.

I have try my best to include practical example from the filed as I have 17 years of field experience in substations. I have included real examples, equipment name plate, Single line diagram, real field examples.

The course will go into detail for the following key topics :-

Introduce all of the key concepts of protection system, power quality, reliability, fault & event recording.

Show the basic principles behind electrical protection philosophy

Explained cascade tripping, Comtrade files, how to localize the faults

Look at step & touch potential concept, Voltage or Current which is lethal

Why gravel is used in substation, How to protect equipment & human

Look at Earth Leakage Relay, How it operates

Understand protection philosophy, A)Selectivity. B) Sensitivity. C) Speed. D) Reliability. E) Simplicity. D)Economy.

Relationship between selectivity and zones of protection. open & close zones, tele protection

Look at Primary, backup & duplicate protection

Look at relay classification, Electromechanical, Digital, Microprocessor & Numerical relays

What are phase & ration compensation in transformer differential protection, interposing C.Ts

How Over Current , Earth fault relay operates

How Direction Over current relay, Definite & inverse over current relay operates.

Understand Magnitude, differential & phase comparison principles

look at working principal of Breaker failure relay

look at basic electrical theory, Ohms Law, KVL, KCL, Calculate HV & LV rated & short circuit current transformer

Introduction to per unit system, how to evaluate arc flash hazard using per unit system

look at three phase systems, balanced, unbalanced, three phase fault, phase to phase fault, phase to ground fault

Understand Symmetrical components

Look at primary & secondary equipment

Understand Auxiliary relays, Main relays, Contactors

Difference between Circuit Breaker & Isolator & Load Break Switch

Understand concept of interlocking

Understand surge arrestor & surge counter

look at GIS, AIF & MV SWGR

Look at CB operating cycle, pole discrepancy, anti pumping, trip circuit supervision schemes.

Intro to ANSI device codes

Introduction to internal, external & through faults

Look at Capacitor Storage trip units

Show batteries & charger, how they work, Single Line Diagram of DC system, Single Line Diagram of Charger

look at LCC, Gas diagram, Gas compartment, Gas permeable & Gas tight

introduction to Relay Coordination

Look at complete protection eeering cycle Design Phase, Manufacturing Phase, Shipment Phase, Inspection , T&C, Maintenance

Look at three phase currents and see how they can be broken down into sequence components and harmonics.

Provide the basic principles behind current transformers, how they operate and need to be connected

Show how voltage transformers operate and introduce the key types

Go into detail on what happens when a fault occurs on the system

Look into circuit breaker control and protection systems and how they interact with the protection systems.

The main protection relay we will look at on this course is over protection. We go into detail on the basic and more advanced versions and show how this relay can be put to good use to provide great fault discrimination

Look at the different types of earth fault relays and see how they can be used to protect some key equipment\s

By the end of the course the student will be able to identify all of the key components of a protection & control system, understand how all of these components fit together to create a fully integrated system, protection fundamental concept, protection schemes & relays, battery charger & batteries.

By the end of the course the student will be able to

Remember that Udemy offers a 30-day money-back guarantee. I am also always available for questions while you go through the course to ensure everything is clear.

See you in the course!

Electrical Eeering Undergraduates

Electrical Eeering Graduates

Technicians

Power/Utility Eeer

Anyone interested in electrical eeering



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